Newspapers / Southern Citizen (Asheboro, N.C.) / Oct. 10, 1844, edition 1 / Page 1
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v 7 r - ' " .'""'"..-V'':'" ' - .'. .. " ""v !: '.. - : ' ' ' .' :. . . . - . : .. i " v THE "CITIZEN" IS Tt'EUSllED KKXJtLT I ' liY JiliNJAWiN SWAIM-' i' y - ; i i. I, -"'r'-.'-:'-' v.;' i ' 3;."i''.''.TEBMS i; ?:- I. The uWription, price to 12 in Jrnte, or viUiln ttre hioinht from tie date of (be Rnt uum ir reeeit d-sr $J ifttrthe expiuiiou o Otti .imt.--'vj;' t'"':;S rr v""4 ,-; I t K spr vill.be co.id'Ottt psvinVnt'in Jvnc, ecf pt'fo" uUchUra in RamfnlpK tnd Ua nerrt neigLtwing tuntie, vin Guilford, )tiy- Wake, CliMhum, Moore,' Slonrgttfucry, jiuiliT, R en, Davtikwn lad Stoke. , " ( 3. Aaj eaUcrilcr mny licon;iuu tt mnj lime X fyu:f up alt inrtstageeduvfut U ptrer od niLcnrit uulM wrcti rf lie LU- 4 A ftilure to order diwonUuueiite beb'ro ibe ,u cf Uie eubeoiipuoii jtu i cvusiilered new rreagemeot.. ..'; ; ' 6. All kltero tnd fomtnunirMior.e to the Eilitot .t ccm roT rAiO, or I its h culture etscutiun tilCtS FOR ADVFRT1SIXO. " 'A AdrerTMeraemi viti b tonpicuou!tn1:atil ie!y inserted ( 1 00 per erjuare of IS line, I ce Die fur ercrj tubfequeiii insertion, tie enieeoient, boveTer b-rt, will be ntrf cd lew for a square." ' '' f ;uri Order mlJ oiioitl AdVerrhrnntritl wiB : chsrj ed 23 per ccdu higher i (ve some time 'e to wart o lony for the pay.) ; ' , ,'hite who sJvertke hr tbs yesr rill be nti 1 dejceiiori of 43 1-3 poft eesu, provided , r psy igaJvacee..." , , - -. j A: TO tiik pkopLk ; ; P. N ajl T ll ci R O L I N A... Fttlpw;CifltnliTTfy Whig Cenlr.l jmmittee ltd it iheir duty to rail your tcntion to very remar table iloou tot,' hlch appeercd in iho Semi :tUy Clube rf September the fid. It an lire form eft lief or or Address to 3 "Democratic Stato Central Commit j cf Nortli Caront,, and il uthered 16 3 notice cf the public by that bodv, in prefalfr atatemenf, containing a brief count ol the birth ir.daerviccs ot Jatnes Polk,".nd lofty eulogy upon the tingoishrd reputation aqd ialcntof i fl en. William II. Haywood, the au r ef the Report, with special reference lie iiwlliii. w -Vi mfm fy.nt , I accurate iovcstigatnr ol tacts.and Jence." Tbia gcniie"man, jwhtlst he hi to concur in the applause bestow, upon Mr. Polk, iriterKses a modi st cliimcr of tho particular merits impu to himself, and addresses buiircll jo performs oco cf uhat ho call In iovt tat A" with an tngenuuy arcj 5pi. I pleading so characteristic t f one )o Us a professional retainer, as proves ,t 1 did not consider liimse!feniluv by the Committee so much tosccr n the truth, ' as to support o cu)se to iirb none probably is more aware. ;n hioisclf, that troth is nyl always the ivHh he and the corr mhtee tOort to fc cd with .borror sntj .indignation ut ui they co::dtr arbarge.ot Torvium,; ntot.lv brottglif frward by io WMfc ainst fc?xkiel I'ik, the grandfather ol Democratic Camlidatc for the PreMv ;cy. Naw tlioc g(.n:lcmco u'tly 'W, and ccrtojnly ciulj pot luvc f r ttco, thot the Wliigs didnotfirtt mov! j ibis malfrr. ; Tbcy knew, and -ruiii jrercmcn.bercd, thayho first aliusiutiK do to the political character of Eae , H-PolkfCme frora-jUjcrniclrtfi. lhHi lri.'SaUDders tcprrsented ' Jifncs lit Sit, as tho 'deiepndact of ii;r.nf j Mcrijcnburff .neclar.iiionol Itidn pdence, and , that by bi ttul by tho pocratic Prew,' ifiippion.tvas claimed him on Kcr6ont of Uo,1lrTItK'Tiary jriceVof his, ttcccprw. It was in r; yoTthc'scnrtirrxmcpt; nnd In rciura- lr these ;tUim,'ihaj th Whigs Kit WlTCs'toth jk1idcri:itnd. t,uwl to i the truth, in-refafioi? 5 th; ronv J kfore the public, f Ar.d iri nrk j l!w citizcn,.if in ihisftltcy wfio iott)fIo'gHtes ly' whomhe UecUratiou was nt lU deJtii.t fom a sigiuf of the j made l.-.l It w cvttKrnt ttuii l.e was Jut !i k! nMirg Iki larationj institutes a ji ic fj ring i-f 1?75, Thomas polkiho .nnuponw the Amcricsi)ubhcf then i tcii,t cf itK-h rfcucr.nnitlitliotimi trtri atwl if Miv Polk-may. jiisily drt; ir.d ret sidttatit ni andcocfiiitDir, Ire ptc lus aiicvlioit 'laiil.foliy i served bis inlry tluru'g tla Var otibe. ifcivolu n t ( hetntOt sht w t hfit hi, a rj('cor J k puu-uit,yihe i'trH'ink'B of His coun ir in a cjiieitieti between hi prop-V-ar(irthiitH'iuntryf prfifcttcd theioV. fr Xo 'tliC IrHtcr-fhiit lie ii'aa ejthvr a "ry, or'afttd.fluciilVarfwH jvloiVon, whila he Hi;rc u cjmuiirS!onj the tj rmy tutbod icd for Hi' WP. ri li i ta.ihew'iTseAir either ol ihc?e, rtut iiiilyfrfciit jdfrand eowsluy irjsbVtd jhis f4ciiuf;dTif hiird h:iv ....undertaken 'w dnl TMy ol E?ek!el.Polkrs character.; Thnt char ne'er was first made an issue before, the! American oublic' by the auDDortorkol Jauvrs K. Pulk.and novr when thev find their pretensions disproved, and feet that they Jiara - put , forward ai lorjlc beforrj the ;peopler which , rcpoil' upon them selves, it is with a cry poor grace rihe'y attcippt to escape the tusi onstfquenc'es of their own mistake, by canting about a caluminoua cbargethe cflspring ol the demon spirit of party .V?Jl with tieiy poor , grace indeed, when -we re Qicmler that these very men, four jcars ago, rocked jheir . icveflifora for every "lalse nd calumnious charge'' by whiqh they; . hoped t6 ; destroy tho peace' aqd hlast the character of the" virtuou-Mrld patiroticIIafrisoh ; and wlich nor, he 'derrion spirit of th tit Party reeti iiot day 'nrrAightiunaligbaoMirort to blacken. the-bright. and glorious rcputa tion of the great leader of tbo Wb;g party; and wboy i( ibeir power, were e S uaj to-their venonvwoufd forever blot e came ol Clay from the bricbt roll cf AmericaD;Worthie Irt whit h It'shinca with a lustre "second buly to Ithal cf Washington. -Fi r rerh $ party to cprt. plain. ol falsehood and calomny, is an in sult to the public intelligence' ,Uy fabre professions arid caluminous charges, they first obtained power By these, they maintained Ihemsclres in if; ar.d jpn these alone, do '4 hey now rely in the attempt to recover what? the indignation ofUtb people wrested from them in lS4uy Dc privid of these, they would stand in the present contest, unarmed and impotent; Tho writer of tba Report and tho Committed who rnublulml iti apfm tn consider the Toryism of Ezckiel Polk as es o vwm aivataej yaivuuu a 11 u 1 , Polk, family. Surely;. tbesegentltmeh cannot believe what their zeal has indu ced them to intimate. God forbid that TiieiuroerTirwnrrviina, or oT the Poik family, ahou.'d be identified with Eztkiel Folk, or Jame & Vilk eitheil North Carolina during the Rev olution had, like oTher States, amongst a glorious band of - Whigs some unwor. thyonsC But this detracts not from her excellence. Even the sun, himself, has spots, but they dim not his brightness Tho Polk family" was a nobio , band ol patriotic higv anil tno names cf Thtniai Polk the elder, t!;o waster spirit of the Mecklenburg moretr.cnt, nnd of his sons, Thomas, end tVilhant, nd.f ' htirks, all tl whom fought gal lantly for their country one falling m battle, and ant'icr Icarms to In rnvo more lhan oi-e cioncm scar, inoevi-: i - -1- dence at once , ,.r'i.j. .r.. l,u I.W ill uw.vw.ii uim iiij .1.. r..m!... ...i.uh . k .I.'kv MA. nf ,i,tr tn.;.r.,t r, ui J rrinrj. dm the ILn-hluttoniry conduct of l i - it. 1 u At - tA lk'd Polk, and thai Inquiry instituted, lot at the instance i f Iha Whig Party, hut .rendered .necessaiy by two asscr it.ns -put? forward by the "Oclnocratic IVmV.via; that James K. Poik n-ava descendant of a sicner fcf iha SfccSfen 1 . . . . , WSS t!oi:U:tt!V the ,VV JugJ. 113S it accn supported f fto Jar.-liom 11,11 ts po-.v adiiiit ted in .tho very address whii h we ore notictnghat there was no f Igne'ri of tbaVi tWlara'mr.-i.' Ws fc one cf &v cuiur, men i-v4',"Oi 01. iuecicnmirg (.ouHty, issued a a OffW JO ec h Ca p- tainY Comply . ir the'Ccuiity to clect iioperiiis'' as delegates.. Attbat tinQ Eztkiei Poll; was not citizbtut orth Carolina ,IIa, ih resided tii outh CstoliunvJroin tehich ho jemoved jfo Alecklcflfeurg n t ptfJ. (See statement oti JoIlKSnutli and Thomas tiriibio pv.b Iwncif ana retiirrca to m iur. imy wqou a Jir.41ywvou.T fenv . LflDtaira'Compaov m Mccklen h ifrt-ui'urvl'n.tve t:hiisen a . man wnoi 1 .: ...tl w 1 l..t i rnrtjint rcuc.. ... , - - -- .ri aim wnci m Ass'ftnhly of lhitu?o af.polnicJ.a'Com. .r..-, - tliriICO tUXllitillt? un.i armoiiu lication a:! doeumt ntsf relates : to' the BlCvkiuiibarg Uwulars tiyu Thc ends Bear in row! then, Fciiow Cither, ! , . , ' A , ,.l . . 1 , ,k! i crains i" "l''a sP'c, was a top.;, and that the mat er in jutf!ifn involves t;tc L-.T - ...... ' . .. -'.. . . - . I k, , i- . ' has lururM en nun erous Cvrtincatesv character neither vi iNwrth CartKina,nor ' . l.wab-rir iSit.. i. . . . n ,, - ... ... 1,.,- stroriv lftKlircto cstatiitri that fact. ol the Polk family; It is mealy an in ... -.S,! .-. -t:.:. btir Dcc.lar.aton. fT ,he fltincr.. aid made V. as ume the dranooitier. Vr.as a Qisrir.guUncd;)Vbju . , J7 f-,m---cc-'iu--u .t ;i..'!)-..i;:,L Ti.i ... .r..l..:.rJ characlcpl 'af gnnwnta,.raUie?.. then tho a. Report, submitting among other things, a copy preceded by a list of tbdlnarnf s of the J)eiegatei presetji," . cohsisiiog,ol thirty-f!x'i andriisroe ;of fTzekiel. Polk ti w4 am?ng them, (SeePtiiphier pub lished by the' Govariiir iiiider auihoritv of the, funeral Asselpfc.ly page i jf.j This jjbfiB mitteo ' co staled of Thomas O. Fulk, Chairmaii. ui bn BraggEvan A lexonder,' Louis J), yerry, and Alex. McNeill. Kow,ifwtts the duty of these gentkmerj toyisrovcr and record. tre name of everyrerson who 'took jarf iii those gloricul :oce'edings; and j espec ally to preserve ihe.'namiVfcf'tbe' ,l)ele-gates.-Do ycu JouM that ihe duty wjps faithfully peitt) nedl Mry Henry, the Chairman M i e present Pemocratir Central Commilce,' was a i menibcr of that Comrriiitcclond. signed the Report. Thos.' & PIk the Chairman, was a . v . - grand- nenhetv If Eztkiel, polk, arf, bis iaiherWiiliamjPolk,3'iis then living. Now, iLkzekielPoIk was a Delegate, 41 was the iuiy 0 thf so awq gsntleinep to ascertain, and r ion it, and ono of them muthave bet i desirous from hi con nexion by blood, with . Eitklcl Polk, to insert : rjjs nomejf it cculd be done with truth ; and ; WlJlinnv pt!k, iIicq living, cod'd havdgWm information of the fact, if by anyfriistaU or of rsight iifs name had been omittid in lie written docu ments, v These l wo Considerations,' viz : that Peik was not in icbabStintol Jleck lenburg, andhst his name was not re ported to the Gtolral Assembly, must by ercry fair mind be deemed conclu sive against the tlaim, now set Dp for him,- lie was thrl ceithcr a signer nor a Deregate,;-; -r. :( V; 4 Bui w ' are told ial ho "took le'ad." Well what is mear byihisl llecoutd not bavd toted in choosirgj Delegates, nor in accepting bl JJecraraiion. for be arne nnf 8 r tnil. a lhri MX was prcsnit' whri frctence could a citi zen of South Caiolha have had to inter fere in the Jf.licklmburg proceedings? Such intf rfererce would bavo been the height of presppiion, and would no tloubt have beci rerented as such by the "members of thl meeting. As to their first assertion pen, it appears that he was neither ft lulegatenor Signer that ho weaua lion-isidetit, neither rcprcsen- ted norcapobll that meeting, a oJrjei(;g represented in d all that he did results in t!ic ii.dt tinitd cla m that, in some way onohrr, Ihorii QLUy unexplained) ho at or A- fMfT.'T - u e piw romejoineseccraa seinrtn msec i Y r.a iv heUVociatic party, that J6tnt ioi wn on tno seor . , -n ., . , f , .,, 1 . 1 I- n I, .. soldier T the l.tvolunon. In an I ?wtr.,tl.ts assertion, rj.e Whig Press .7 . niu . A flfarcc, ct-r-ajcer.'.! eatumniou9'ana ua t V v;,,,,, .i,,,,,, k. fc vM, ai.ct witonuaetieniai oy a nnm- oif v (crulcie'Li do not propose Ut enter ih'a. sptii?ufr: investigation jl;esuic-riu('a!tHj t: point tui by on iamtinti6n of I ieitliii'g'uage the c vid- fnatloo;ould beJVus, and ii dccrticd to be'uejefs.i;.,l question between cihr adTrsrbi and vfsel.ves- may bp disposal pi up';nvRdi!itttett facts. '.lt; is (nntdeJ lhuft. lhnt Ezekiel Polk had a oommiskion ns second Cspsin )tt: tlie fc'oiitlr Carolina Hevt'unonatv forje,and hhat Iri 1S0, when LvinuaUis overran the Southern country 'e foo.t a'Jirit isfi prvteetiohUri oraerio, save; his mijieri&SW this, WW' appear-; by the atait mtijis 01 six tit ma .witnesses pro duced i-yMn Jlaj wood in his defence : viJ5. Ceurgfj Oliver, IJtubcn Wood, G00J AU'Xdur, r ahiell Alexander, " John .t I ,4 h.n a lift tit-s riM4af rrurtnrs Smith and .Ttiomas Gnbblti. ' Ndw, WhaHany tivay, to the.' pwt t ol tornwal is, was necessarily involved itf taking (,ll1r rV lK the ad- a - l V X -t .. ' , ormation. ,indec(tiUerefaTiff"nto tnma earn pi aties I eerilSeat'eS wM wo uty-mTMMd, trtu aiosica .Ud lor thoad Ho names are append to .Uc.ri, 1 6 i'9 warra;i"i.in iiiiiiiuiik iubmi w u-v iikaia ese in eyewl 4.iuiceSk beetnie is 4ttm mA la anaJ SHjun Aleasnden wkMuertilii titfiirrs in lit HavWuod's Ad(iree,hiubliheil atnnvt..av.v On the contrary Hatting a Dritith pro lection' j treated as if4 It . was merely reaching a' paper, from the British Com mander directing British soldiers not Jo molest .the' WKis who bad it;, lor . the slier they had bceq var:quihed;;rcxcpi the4 ti'higt he ""bad conquered." ; tins was intended to conceal the true character .of the transaction, and to make the public believe b$l pro tct font Were given' joleyolutionary Whigs, . as iPhfgiS. Vei the" writer juitl.js address is too welf informed not to know the contrary, and indeed, Lord Cornwaltit would ha, ve been the yenett of simpletons if he had granted' protections to the f avowed enemies of the Kii-rr- It is true qs trie aauress says. Hint jione ntcilta protccfion cict-pt Wbigs. . But bow were they JobujtiCtJ , ; Tbe writer I fhe address well knows, they were ob tained by Tericoncifig the r La racier ol Whigs by submit ;ing.1 ihe Britifb commander as British su?jfctt and by taking a test oath of, allegiance to the jngj aiid to the protection, was given i those only, who having been in arms to for their country, or avowed Whigs, a babdor.ed her cause, laid, down jthei arms, and declared fhemselvca true sub jectsof the King. This is abundantly proved bv the history and documents of ififperiod. And, therefore, when ord Cotmeoilh having granted protection to some militiamen, afterwards captured them at Carr.den, they jwere crtcuted as traitors taken in arms; and not treated as prisoners of war, By JYis Proclama tion, he directed the Estate', both real agd personal, to be sequestered, of all the iuhabitants "who were actually in arms or who bad abandoned their plantations in lain ar. sunnnrt.trm army., mud of sll ihos? who by ao opeo avowal of what he termed rebellious nrinciDlea should manifest their perseverance in opposing me re estaDiisttmeni 01 Jioyai authority." (See Marshall,! Life of Washington, V ol. i. chap.'7.) s And tie historian informs us, that these measures were taken "to break the fpirii ol Indt-pcndence." (Sea also 7ih Vol. of . WasJiington'i writing p. tl trq ) ; In order, therefore, to Obtain nnd pre serve the benefit of his protection," it was necessary for Ezekiel Polk to sub TViit to the auihoritv of 'Vommaitit r,rr. le sing luni!elf "a British suh British suHeci"--tojPi,,anceor ProPcr.lJ wnic,, might be at remain at home on his plantation, to ab- Ilfiiil iVf in ininirrr nr vnrtnnrt inrr tkk "ar. rrutsolhis country.aotl not to express opinions adverse to ihe reatorat at ion of the Uoyal authority. AH ihia he did he n oiucer, holding a commission in the service, aud having taken an oath of al legiance to his native country and, in so doing, he gave t fleet, as far as his presence and ex-unple would go, to ev ery measure adopted by the British Com mander "to break the spirit," as the his torian says, "of Independence." And wliat was the motivo which urg ed him to take this course ? Was he o verpowcred by lorcr compelled by the fear of instant death to dissemble, and teem to be a traitor ? N01 to bad that been the case, ho would have been enti tled to other and Wire favorable judge ment than we are disposed hoM, to pg npfifl hifn. ;The law or the country, in accordance with common sense, holds thatTil a citizen fall under the power ' of . 1 . 1 1 1 r . r . ! traitors, ana tasavenis 1110 irom imme diate and imminent danger, takes part vitt thtjrrr, he is not guiity of Treason, it be inaiw r.fs cscjpe or return to the service of bis country, the first opportn" ntt'v he has." But ftU less reason will a- Vaij him for dclection from his ,duty. Now what excuse had Ezekiel Polk, lor hit submission to British authority, and rsccRnition of the sovereignty of the KiHa. - Rv the testimony in all the wit messes produced for him, his lile'was in no danger, he was nofa prisoner, nor in a but voluntarily went, to -vwrnwantr Beaa nusrlei s at Chai tolte. and made his sub misstoinert:l lavehis property s l yl Geofgtj. Oliver says, he was forced ie? protection or leave his property to jraiageloltheTorlesV .U0 Robert ; iWd says, he was forced in border to save his property, to take pro- ;,,,:, ndto. Iha Hflirta noriWM -sav John Smith, &e. Sevetr tatetnents in Mr. Haywood's i j.) It It manifeat tbiD,i.. he voluntarily took protection as a British subject, in order to save Ins propetty.'" It .1itrue uanteiAiexanaer.ssys, ne nau wwy ves with 1 good deal At ottier proper 'tint that males no difference.; Tlu poor man might do to preserve bia liule wnat the ncn man mipni uo uraep n u aalih 'Neiilwr cnald losV more than his all. and the rich oflic er ihea be toofc arms for hn country, had agreed to Sur render ill, if needful, torvtys cour.tr fa gobd." - . ; ; - Let "the matter be sifted at it may; let the Democratic Committee apread O ver it what mantle of charity jbtir piety' may furnish, and after tbeir task il fully done, the simplo fact remains, that Eze kiel Polk "preferred his tfonty hl' country ,r end. could not follow the path of duty, when ijf demanded the surren der, or even the hazard of all he had. Was this the conduct of a true frfcnd a bold friend a steadfast friend of his Country freedom?; What would bave been said, had Gem Washington taken protection, to save his estate on the Potomac? What American heart but . feels the supposition lb involve an insult, on thai greatest and beat of Am ricans 'What would have beea the. opt ton and conduct of Washington und r like ciicumstances? A, fact during the War of the Revolution furnishes a ful reply. Wben bis overseer wrote him, (hat the British required from hia Ei ate a supply of provisions, under a threat of burmog hia house and property, the re ply of the noble Patriot waa MXef them burn!" Yet though his station was more exalted, hia obligations of duty were, the same with those of Captain Ezekiel Polk. But leaving the case of the Commander in Chief, does any 000 believe that Col: Wm. Polk, or Charles, or Thomas Polk, his brothers, or old Thomas Polk, their father, could either of them have beon compelled to take protection as a British subject? Cotld any thing have reconciled them to such a degradatidtt? Not the fear of instant doath probably, and, certainly, not Ihe loss of property No'l'- When these men embarked in ihe cause of tbeir coun try, in the times that tried men's souls, thev first sat down and counted the cost. They went into tltc conflict, resolved on ideaih or victory, and. on the miserable stake, cast not a tnongnt away. U I now different, the conduct and feelings of 1 Cfc,c' 7? owpropeny wm ' 5CCUre' Inu wornwaiiisai a aisiance, nono more devoted to the cause than be, but when Cornvvallis came, when his estate was to be sequestered, he bent the knee, he took protection, and was, or meanly seemed to be, a bribed subject. To consider this conduct asTorvism, Mr. Haywood thinks the judgment mere- y of modern Whigs.bat tho certificates published by him, as well as thoso pub- ished by tho Whis l'ress.show that tho s'amo opinion of his conduct was formed by Revolutionary Whigs. Andrew E. liott swear's that the one nninion of thnt day was that Ezekiel Poikwas a Tory, and was mhcait and deed an enemy to his Country." William McCoard and Nathan Orr swears .that they always rtrdhimrbrarTded'with being a Tory daring the Ucrolution." John Brown swears, that he learnt from the Old Soldiers that Ezekiel Polk was a Tory, and that ho took British protection, and that all the people cont'd-' ercd his taking protection is rank Ton - Ism as if he had been lighting against the country. . . ' ' Dan Alexander swears that he has repeatedly heard his father rclato to himself and others, that he. was oae of Even the Ladiea of th ReTrltiou seonjej i put tbeir property tu eomparlsfin for moainr.t with the rood of their country. When Gon. JIa- rlon hesitated to Hre the house f s vidov htdy, in rraer to flisiotigre tne e bad been already rave, frder to dislodge the ent'nir.beeaune her pmpurty iffed hy the British. this no ble Wliij malrou, ri'Jx patriotic aevoUoni ereittcr . than that of Kuman msjrons snd Rqipitn irrior, exe lauiieu, -unrn it, ucueiai t .00 lurnid I srtould besiow a singls thought on iny little concern, when the Independence of my enljntry is st stake. ISO, sir, u uucro & plsce, H saould fo," (See tiorry's Itfo ol aunun, psg a Kin, How this anec dote of firm devotion to country, tii one ot the soft er sex, puts to nms the vasrortby conduct ef . rkini Polk,; nun, a soldier tnd a Cup-sin! i low it should criweon amh bluthce the cbseks thuse who how defend iiivend ersn ask reward, fut hii sra6d-sCbecdese h dt-terisd kfacoanu? tteta-b-bistifif ftrjs s x , 0 1 ... j
Southern Citizen (Asheboro, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Oct. 10, 1844, edition 1
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